The basic performance of the connector?

Basic performance

The basic performance of connectors can be divided into three categories: mechanical performance, power efficiency and environmental performance.

Mechanical efficiency

Connector

Connector (2 photos)

Mechanical Performance In terms of the connection function, the insertion force is an important mechanical effect. The insertion force is divided into the insertion force and the extraction force (the extraction force is also called the separation force), and the requirements of the two are different. There are maximum insertion force and minimum separation force regulations in the relevant standards, which indicates that the insertion force is small from the point of view of use (thereby having a low insertion force LIF and a structure without ZIF insertion), and if the separation force is too small, It will affect the reliability of the contact.

Another important mechanical effect is the mechanical life of the connector. Mechanical life is actually a durability, which is called mechanical operation in GB5095. It uses one insertion and one extraction as one loop to judge whether the connector can complete its connection function (such as contact resistance value) after the specified insertion and withdrawal loop. The insertion and extraction force and mechanical life of the connector are related to the coating quality (sliding friction coefficient) of the contact structure (positive pressure) and the dimensional accuracy (alignment) of the contact arrangement.

Power efficiency

Connector

Connector

The main power performance of power efficiency connectors includes contact resistance, insulation resistance and electrical strength.

1 Contact resistance High quality electrical connectors should have low and stable contact resistance. The contact resistance of the connector ranges from a few milliohms to tens of milliohms.

2 Insulation resistance is a measure of the effectiveness of insulation between electrical connector contacts and between contacts and housing, in the order of hundreds of megaohms to several gigaohms.

3 Resistance to electric strength, or withstand voltage, dielectric withstand voltage, is the ability to characterize the rated test voltage between the connector contacts or between the contacts and the casing.

Environmental performance

Environmental performance Common environmental efficiencies include temperature resistance, moisture resistance, salt spray resistance, vibration and shock.

1 The temperature-resistant connector has a maximum operating temperature of 200 ° C (except for a few high-temperature special connectors), and the minimum temperature is -65 ° C. Since the current generates heat at the contact point when the connector is in operation, resulting in a temperature rise, it is generally considered that the operating temperature should be equal to the sum of the ambient temperature and the junction temperature rise. In some specifications, the maximum allowable rise of the connector at rated operating current is specified. 2 Intrusion of moisture-resistant moisture will affect the insulation performance of the connection h and corrode metal parts. Constant damp heat test conditions are relative humidity of 90% to 95% (up to 98% according to product specifications), temperature +40 ± 20 ° C, test time according to product regulations, at least 96 hours. The alternating heat and humidity test is more stringent. 3 When the salt spray resistant connector works in an environment containing moisture and salt, the metal structural parts and the surface treatment layer of the contact part may cause galvanic corrosion, which affects the physical and electrical performance of the connector. In order to assess the ability of electrical connectors to withstand this environment, a salt spray test is specified. It suspends the connector in a temperature-controlled test chamber and sprays it with compressed air at a specified concentration of sodium chloride solution to form a salt spray atmosphere. The exposure time is specified by the product specification for at least 48 hours. 4 Vibration and shock Resistance to vibration and shock is an important performance of electrical connectors. It is especially important in special applications such as aerospace and aerospace, railway and road transportation. It is to verify the robustness and electrical contact of the mechanical structure of electrical connectors. An important number of places for reliability. There are clear regulations in the relevant test methods. Peak acceleration, duration, and shock pulse waveforms, as well as the time of power continuity interruption, should be specified in the impact test. 5 Other environmental performance According to the use requirements, the other environmental performance of the electrical connector is also sealed (air leakage, liquid pressure), liquid impregnation (resistance to specific liquids), low air pressure, and the like.